Manual testing introduction.
What is Manual Testing?
Testing software again and again manually to find the defects in the software according to customer requirements.
Manual testing is the only option during the initial stage of the application.
Manual testing is preferable for products with engineered user experience and GUIs with constant updates.
Any bugs that may pop up when a user handles the program in a certain way are more likely to be caught with manual testing.

What are the Qualities of good tester?

He should always have an attitude of break an application Means he should test the application both in positive and negative ways.
He should see the application or product in a negative point of view
He should be more creative to derive so many scenarios that he can apply over that application
He should also see the product or application in the customer point of view While testing tester has to behave like an end user….
He should always give prominence for the quality of the product or application. Test engineer should require the ability to communicate with both technical (developers) and non-technical (customers, management) people is very useful.
Judgment skills are needed to assess high-risk areas of an application on which to focus testing efforts when time is limited

Why testing is required?
Software Testing is necessary because we all make mistakes. Some of those mistakes are unimportant, but some of them are expensive or dangerous. We need to check everything and anything we produce because things can always go wrong – humans make mistakes all the time.
Testing is required to point out all errors and defects created by developers while developing an application.
Testing is required to ensure customers’ reliability and satisfaction.
Here is a tester, we need to concentrate on customer satisfaction by delivering the right product at right time…
Testing is required to produce a quality product which meets customer’s expectation or exceeds customer expectation.
Testing is required to gain the confidence of customers. Once you gain the confidence you will be getting more business in the coming days.
Testing is required to ensure the better performance of the application.

The application should respond fast to users. If it is taking time to respond, the user will go for the second option and you will be losing the business.
Testing is required to stay in business.
Testing is required to make sure that quality product developed is producing accurate and consistent results.

What are the advantages of manual testing?
Manual testing will be useful only when the test case needs to run once or twice.
It will take less cost than automation.
Easy to learn for new people who are entered into testing.
Manual QA testing can be used in both small and big projects.
Manual is more reliable than automated (in many cases Automated not cover all cases)
Manual testing doesn’t require any specific knowledge like any scripting language, technical knowledge.
Manual Testing which is performed by humans can find many such defects that can never be found using Automation testing.

What are the Drawbacks of Manual Testing?
Manual Testing requires more time or more resources, sometimes both: Covering all areas of the Application requires more Tests, creating all possible Test cases, and executing Test cases takes more time
Executing the same tests, again and again, will be time taking process as well as Tedious.
Less Accuracy: Testers may make mistakes, so we cannot expect more accuracy in Manual Testing
Performance testing is impractical in manual testing. Testing Tool is mandatory to conduct performance testing
Manual Test Case scope is very limited.
GUI Objects Size difference and Color combinations etc… are not easy to find in Manual Testing.
Not Suitable for Large scale projects and time-bounded projects.
For each and every test execution Human user interaction is mandatory.